Англо-русский словарь по социологии. 2011.
associative law — Two closely related laws of number operations. In symbols, they are stated: a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c, and a(bc) = (ab)c. Stated in words: The terms or factors may be associated in any way desired and the result will be the same. This holds for… … Universalium
Fundamental laws of arithmetic — ▪ Table Fundamental laws of arithmetic Commutative law of addition: a + b = b + a Associative law of addition: a + ( b + c ) = ( a + b ) + c Commutative law of multiplication: a b = b a Associative law of multiplication: a ( b c ) = ( a b ) c… … Universalium
Propositional formula — In propositional logic, a propositional formula is a type of syntactic formula which is well formed and has a truth value. If the values of all variables in a propositional formula are given, it determines a unique truth value. A propositional… … Wikipedia
Algebra of sets — The algebra of sets develops and describes the basic properties and laws of sets, the set theoretic operations of union, intersection, and complementation and the relations of set equality and set inclusion. It also provides systematic procedures … Wikipedia
arithmetic — arithmetically, adv. n. /euh rith meuh tik/; adj. /ar ith met ik/, n. 1. the method or process of computation with figures: the most elementary branch of mathematics. 2. Also called higher arithmetic, theoretical arithmetic. the theory of… … Universalium
Lattice (order) — See also: Lattice (group) The name lattice is suggested by the form of the Hasse diagram depicting it. Shown here is the lattice of partitions of a four element set {1,2,3,4}, ordered by the relation is a refinement of . In mathematics, a… … Wikipedia
Nonassociative ring — In abstract algebra, a nonassociative ring is a generalization of the concept of ring. A nonassociative ring is a set R with two operations, addition and multiplication, such that: R is an abelian group under addition: a + b = b + a (a + b) + c … Wikipedia
History of algebra — Elementary algebra is the branch of mathematics that deals with solving for the operands of arithmetic equations. Modern or abstract algebra has its origins as an abstraction of elementary algebra. Historians know that the earliest mathematical… … Wikipedia
thought — thought1 /thawt/, n. 1. the product of mental activity; that which one thinks: a body of thought. 2. a single act or product of thinking; idea or notion: to collect one s thoughts. 3. the act or process of thinking; mental activity: Thought as… … Universalium
Functional equation — In mathematics or its applications, a functional equation is an equation expressing a relation between the value of a function (or functions) at a point with its values at other points. Properties of functions can for instance be determined by… … Wikipedia
Order of operations — In mathematics and computer programming, the order of operations (sometimes called operator precedence) is a rule used to clarify unambiguously which procedures should be performed first in a given mathematical expression. For example, in… … Wikipedia
